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After the business of charging stations for electric cars and the wine industry&#8217;s plan to adapt to climate change, this time we look at the issue of strategic metals, a key element in the energy transition. This week we take a look at a key issue in the ecological transition: access to critical minerals and metals, which are essential for decarbonizing entire sectors of the economy. Neodymium, praseodymium, dysprosium, manganese, cobalt, lithium, nickel, graphite,<div id=dfp_inread class=DFPinread></div> and many others are indeed crucial for the functioning of electric cars, offshore wind turbines, solar panels and electrical systems&#8230; These are all metals that will give their name to the great economic battles of tomorrow. Because a good part of them &#8211; in particular 17 mineral materials with unique specificities are largely extracted and/or refined in China, and are at the heart of the economic and geopolitical tensions that punctuate diplomatic relations between Beijing on the one hand and Washington and Brussels on the other. Hence the fear of the Western powers: will China, whose needs in metals are constantly increasing, cut off their taps? On both sides of the Atlantic, this scenario is worrying. Notably in France, still marked by the shortage of masks at the beginning of the pandemic. It is therefore time to relocate production. And each country has its own strategy, depending on the advantages it has. While the United States is taking up its picks and shovels to dig its subsoil (and develop refining), the Europeans, lacking mines, are betting on recycling. This issue will be the subject of a long deciphering of the stakes of this battle, with a detailed analysis of the forces at play and the major maneuvers underway. It will be accompanied by a focus on ten critical metals and minerals for the ecological transition that we have selected. Putting an end to this dependence is indeed central in the vision of the French State, at least in that of Emmanuel Macron. In presenting his investment plan for France in 2030, the President  has made it one of his priorities. The French problem will be addressed through the example of several real  initiatives to find solutions both in the short term (need to secure supplies), in the medium term with the multiplication of recycling projects, but also in the long term, with the work of several startups on the next move, the one that will allow to do without these minerals and metals.

Critical metals, the sinews of war of the energy transition